Oral manifestation of hypertension pdf

Splenomegaly, one of the symptoms of portal hypertension, is an enlargement of the spleen caused by a decrease in blood flow through the splenic vein. One of the most dangerous aspects of hypertension is that you may not know that you have it. Moreover, the presence of hypertension increases the probability of xerostomia. Hypertension management of patients with chronic diseases. The study sample consisted of 465 known hypertensive patients, between the age group of 2080 years of which 250 patients were males and 215 were females. Despite such relations, there are few reports regarding the oral manifestation of patients with cvd especially from iran as a. Hypertension affects more than 30% of adults in the united states and is a significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, renal disease, and death. Calcium channel blockerinduced gingival enlargement. Xerostomia, gingival overgrowth, salivary gland swelling or pain, lichenoid drug reactions, erythema multiforme, taste sense alteration, paresthesia. An update is provided on the oral manifestations seen in patients with arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias and heart failure, and on the dental management of such patients. Hypertension is a major health problem throughout the world because of its high prevalence and its association with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. There is still much uncertainty about the pathophysiology of hypertension.

Contents 1 introduction 2 diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases 3causes of cardiovascular diseases 4 hypertension 5 coronary artery diseases ischemic 2 3. Portal hypertension as the initial manifestation of poems. Symptoms include varices, rectal bleeding, vomiting blood, ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and enlarged spleen. Pdf the aim of this work was to determine the frequency and nature of oral manifestations in a hypertensive patient. Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension have played a major role in recent dramatic. Saliva sampling may be a noninvasive way to detect changes in the gut microbiome and changes in systemic disease. The frequency of potential oral manifestations in patients with hypertension was significantly high, thus showing an association of gingival and periodontal. The oral manifestation of tb may present as an ulcerative, painless lesion on the palate, lips, or tongue, accompanied by persistent cervical lymphadenopathy. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Three of their patients died two secondary and one primary, and the survivors have shown. Important oral healthcare providers are well versed on the challenges involved in prevention, management and treatment. Oral manifestations of systematic disease are signs and symptoms of disease occurring elsewhere in the body detected in the oral cavity and oral secretions. Cardiopathy, dental management, endocarditis, hypertension and arrhythmia. Oral health implications maven dental clare clare dental.

Despite such relations, there are few reports regarding the oral manifestation of patients with cvd especially from iran as a developing country in asia. In the february, 1976 issue of chest, kleiger and coworkers1 reported on a study of six patients with pulmonary hypertension three secondary and three primary who had used oral contraceptives for varying intervals before the onset of clinical manifestations of their disease. Aug 31, 2016 oral ulceration is a common condition. Symptoms of portal hypertension are caused by the complications of decreased blood flow through the liver and increased pressure within veins where blood is shunted. Most people with high blood pressure have no signs or symptoms, even if blood pressure readings reach dangerously high levels. The study sample consisted of 465 known hypertensive patients, between the age group of 2080 years of which 250 patients were males and 215. Longterm high blood pressure, however, is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral arterial. Hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure medline plus 2011. Despite the popularity and wide acceptance of the calcium channel blockers ccbs by the medical community, their oral impact is rarely recognized or discussed. While the majority of disorders of the mouth are centred upon the direct action of plaque, the oral tissues can be subject to change or damage as a. High blood pressure symptoms hypertension symptoms. Systemic hypertension is less common in children than in adults, but the incidence of hypertension in children is approximately 15%. Portal hypertension is increased blood pressure in the blood vessels that lead to the liver.

The use of blood pressure measurements have become a routine part of physical exam for the evacuation of cardiovascular health adults and, more recently, children. Dental management for the hypertensive patient prevention and. Concomitant use of tricyclic antidepressants elevates lthyroxine levels. Cardiovascular diseases and oral disorders share common risk factors. Medications used to treat hypertension may produce xerostomia, lichenoid mucosal. Diminished salivary flow is a common oral feature of diabetes and may or may not include symptoms of a burning sensation in the mouth or tongue and concomitant enlargement of the parotid salivary glands. Following the documentation of hypertension, which is confirmed after an elevated blood pressure bp on at least three separate occasions based on the average of 2 or more readings taken at each of. While in this case, saag of ascites fluid is over 11 gl, accompanied by splenomegaly. It focuses upon oral mucosal and salivary i gland disorders that may arise as a consequence of systemic disease. Estimates of exactly how many americans have high blood pressure varythe american heart association and the national heart, lung, and blood. The effects of diabetes on oral health have been studied extensively. Although hypertensive emergencies can lead to significant morbidity and potentially fatal targetorgan damage, only 1%3% of patients with hypertension will have a hypertensive emergency during their lifetime deshmukh 2011. A cross sectional study in elderly patients mitra farzin1, reza derafshi1, jannan ghapanchi2 ali zarin kafsh3 and mostafa rezaiee2 1 oral and maxillofacial prosthodontics department, associate professor in prosthodontics, school of dentistry, shiraz university.

Sep 17, 2011 hypertension is the term used to describe high blood pressure medline plus 2011. In children, approximately 525% of cases of secondary hypertension. This paper provide opinionabout hypertension in children and theiroral health management. Apr 15, 2017 hypertension affects onethird of americans and is a significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, renal disease, and death. Hypertension is known as the silent killer and affects 80 million adults older than 20 years in the us alone1 and just hypertension is expected to be 1. The present casereport describes tuberculosis on the oral mucosa, in a rare manifestation of the disease. Like symptoms, physical findings depend on the cause of hypertension, its duration and severity, and the degree of effect on target organs. Oral manifestation of hypertension there are no recognized manifestations of hypertension but antihypertensive drugs can often cause side affects,such as. Hypertensive nephropathy or endstage renal disease is closely related to chronic hypertension. Dental professionals may be the first line of defense in the detection and referral of a patient suspected of having cardiovascular disease, an uncontrolled disease status, or oral adverse drug reactions, and they have a key role to play in oral and systemic disease prevention and treatment, in partnership with the patient and his physician. Clinical and histologic spectrum of oral hairy leukoplakia. Oral manifestations of hypertension and rheumatic heart disease. It is affected by a wide variety of factors, including increasing age, black african or carribean ethnicity, being overweight and having a lack of physical activity. Hypertension affects onethird of americans and is a significant modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease, stroke, renal disease, and death.

In the uk, 20% of the population are believed to be affected by recurrent aphthous ulceration. A medlinepubmed search was conducted of the literature over the last 10 years using the. While the majority of disorders of the mouth are centred upon the direct action of plaque, the oral tissues can be subject to change or damage as a consequence of disease that. The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of oral cavity in. Pulmonary hypertension and oral contraceptive usage. Hypertension management in dental office includes disease recognition and correct measurement, knowledge of its treatment and oral adverse effects, and risk assessment for dental treatment. Oral health implications of hypertension drugs used for the treatment of hypertension can cause xerostomia, which potentially causes extensive tooth decay, mouth sores, and oral infections. These papillomas or condylomas are soft, pink masses with a characteristic papillary texture that appear on the gingiva, lips, and labial mucosa.

Dental considerations for the patient with renal disease. Blood pressure goal for patients with hypertension. Hypertension highlights 2017 health metrics american heart. Systemic diseases and oral health pocket dentistry. High blood sugar can be detected by sampling saliva. Hypertension clinical presentation littrell radiology.

Early diagnosis is important to prevent neurologic signs, which could be irreversible. Hypertension can also be caused by other medical conditions, such as thyroid disease or chronic kidney disease. Healthy gums help protect your body from the bacteria germs on your teeth and in. Hypertension is known as the silent killer and affects 80 million adults older than 20 years in the us alone1 and just 7 million deaths annually4 and is one of the leading risk factors for.

Blood pressure components, risk, and comorbidities of hypertension 10. Some of these complications are the direct consequences of portal hypertension, such as gastrointestinal. High blood pressure typically does not cause symptoms. The regional consultation on hypertension prevention and control held in abu dhabi, united arab emirates, 2022 december 2003, acknowledged the need for a standardized response to the growing challenge of hypertension see annex 1. Dental considerations in patients with heart disease med oral patol. There are no oral manifestations that are the direct result of hypertension.

Poor oral health may influence your bodys response to heart disease and stroke. Atrial fibrillation in patients with hypertension hypertension. Hypertension htn or ht, also known as high blood pressure hbp, is a longterm medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. Hypertension is a common disease encountered in dental setting. Symptoms of high blood pressure one of the most dangerous aspects of hypertension is that you may not know that you have it. Healthy gums help protect your body from the bacteria germs on your teeth and in your mouth that can cause an infection. Hypertension is known as the silent killer and affects 80million adults over the age of 20 in the u. Clinical assessment of hypertension in children clinical.

Hypertensive patients and their management in dentistry. In fact, nearly onethird of people who have high blood pressure dont know it. Ofg can be isolated or a manifestation of crohns and can be treated with local or systemic corticosteroids. Effects of diabetes and hypertension on oral mucosa and. Hepatomegaly is the most common hepatic manifestation in poems syndrome and 39. The aim of this work was to determine the frequency and nature of oral manifestations in a hypertensive patient. It is noncaveating granulomas and has a cobblestone appearance. The presence of hypertension in younger children is usually indicative of an underlying disease process secondary hypertension.

Some of these complications are the direct consequences of portal hypertension, such as gastrointestinal bleeding from ruptured gastroesophageal varices and from portal hypertensive gastropathy and colopathy, ascites and hepatorenal syndrome, and hypersplenism. Poor oral health and blood pressure control among us. Chronic renal disease, dental considerations, dental management, oral manifestations. Hypertension management in dental office includes disease recognition and. Atrial fibrillation af is the commonest sustained cardiac arrhythmia, with an increasing prevalence and incidence with age and associated cardiovascular comorbidities. The importance of appropriate diagnosis and awareness of the clinical manifestations is highlighted. Blood pressure on initial examination, pressure is taken in both arms and, if lower extremity pulses are diminished or delayed, in the legs to exclude coarctation of the aorta. The portal hypertension is responsible for many of the manifestations of liver cirrhosis. Hypertension is defined by blood pressure reading exceeding threshold that differs individual at risk of hypertension and not. Priyanka sharma 1st year mds dept of public health dentistry 1 2. Childhood hypothyroidism known as cretinisim is characterized by thickening of lips, large protruding tongue macroglossia, malocclusion and delayed eruption of teeth.

Introduction high blood pressure, or hypertension as the disease is known medically, is our most common chronic illness. Patients with glycaemia poorly controlled may present reduction of salivary flow rate, and, as consequence, an increased risk to develop oral injuries and impairment on velocity and quality of wound healings 3. Here are listed some common medication side effects. The most common oral manifestation of hpv is oral warts, generally caused by hpv or 32. Blood pressure goal for patients with hypertension 5.

Some of these complications are the direct consequences of. Hypertensive patients and their management in dentistry hindawi. Hypertension high blood pressure is the leading risk factor associated with death in the world. Dental considerations in patients with heart disease. Thickening of the lips and macroglossia is due to increased accumulation of subcutaneous mucopolysaccharides i. Primary hypertension, in which no specific cause is found, affects 95% of patients. The study sample consisted of 465 known hypertensive patients, between the age.

Although a few people with earlystage high blood pressure may have dull headaches, dizzy spells or a few more nosebleeds than normal, these signs and symptoms typically dont occur until high blood pressure has reached a severe even lifethreatening stage. Patients with a wide variety of cardiovascular diseases are frequently encountered in dental practice and it is necessary to treat them. In todays society, high blood pressure is the most common problem managed by general practitioners. Oral manifestations caused by the adverse effects of antihypertensive drugs. Professor, department of oral and maxillofacial surgery. Oral manifestations of hypertension and rheumatic heart. Also, oral bacteriarelated systemic inflammation is an important mechanism in the oral related pathogenesis aspect of cvd kholy et al. A small number of patients between 2% and 5% have an underlying renal or adrenal disease as the cause for their raised blood pressure.

In most cases, characteristics of ascites is nonportal hypertensive and the average saag is 6. Oral manifestations of hypothyroidism impact factor. It has an estimated 4% point prevalence in the usa, and 25% of the global population are thought to be affected by aphthous ulcers, one of the most common causes of oral ulceration. Safe and effective dental management of such patients requires close medical and dental coordination, an understanding of the potential hazards during dental treatment, knowledge of drugs used in treatment of. Oral lesions seem to occur as chronic ulcers, nodular or granular areas, and rare, firm leukoplakia regions. Coexistence of hypertension and related chronic conditions 11. Its wide spreading, terrible consequences, and lifelong treatment require an attentive approach by dentists.

Oral health implications of hypertension drugs used for the treatment of hypertension can cause xerostomia, which potentially causes extensive tooth. Make sure that the dental office has your most recent medical history, including a list of all the medications both overthecounter and prescribed that you use, as well as any chewable vitamins, herbs and similar products. Oct 17, 2016 hypertension is known as the silent killer and affects 80 million adults older than 20 years in the us alone1 and just 7 million deaths annually4 and is one of the leading risk. Epsteinbarr virus and cytomegalovirus two herpes viruses with oral manifestations assya krasteva, department of oral and image diagnostic, faculty of dental medicine, medical. In the remainder, however, no clear single identifiable cause is found and their condition is labelled essential hypertension. Hypertension may also be a side effect of certain medications, such as overthecounter cold medications and oral contraceptives and other.